The IP address is a unique identifier used in all internet exchanges powered by the IP protocol. This also means that all web connections can be tracked and analyzed using IP addresses.
In this article, we'll take a look at the IP address function in tracking and how to bypass it. We'll explore four essential options you can use to hide your IP address and how to approach them in web scraping. Let's get started!
For more on avoiding web scraping blocking see our full introduction article which covers request headers, TLS handshakes and javascript fingerprinting
The IP address is a unique address that identifies a device on a local or public network. Currently, there are two types of IP addresses:
Many websites don't support the IPv6 addresses yet, so we are obliged to use IPv4 addresses. And due to the exhaustion of IPv4 addresses, they are more expensive than IPv6 addresses.
The main functionality of IP addresses is to uniquely identify a device on the network and to route data packets over the network to reach their destination.
Depending on the ISP IP addresses can be static (remain constant for long periods) or dynamic (that changes often). Despite the differences, most web servers can still recognize and track both types of IP addresses.
For more, refer to our previous article on IP address details for more on IP versions, structure and metadata.
Web servers can implement rate-limiting rules to limit the number of requests sent from a specific IP address. Exceeding this limit can lead to requests throttling or even blocking. Therefore, hiding your IP address by constantly changing it is essential to avoid IP throttling and bans.
Some online services may set restriction rules for specific geographical locations. Masking your IP address by changing it to a different region can help bypass these restrictions.
Another advantage of IP address hiding is adding more layers of security and privacy, making it harder for malicious middleware to track your online activities.
Learn about IP addresses and how IP tracking technologies are used to block web scraper IPs.
Now that we have an overview of IP addresses and why hiding them, let's explore how to make your IP address more private.
A proxy is a server that acts as a middleware between you and the resource you are requesting. In essence, a proxy will hide your IP address by routing the request from your IP address to another IP address associated with the proxy.
There are two types of proxy protocols, HTTP and SOCKS. The SOCKS protocol is considered faster, more secure and stable. The HTTP protocol is more popular and highly adopted by proxy providers and HTTP clients.
There are different types of proxy IPs categorized by issuer type: Datacenter, Residential, Static Residential and Mobile. See our extended comparison article for more.
Learn about the proxy types, how they compare against each other, what common challenges are posed by proxy usage and the best practices in web scraping.
What makes proxies very effective at IP address hiding is the ability to rotate proxies. Which automatically assigns outgoing requests with different IP addresses. Allowing to distribute of connection patterns through multiple agents - this prevents tracking and throttling.
Let's take a look at the pros and cons of hiding your IP address using proxies.
VPN is a popular method for hiding IP addresses due to its simplicity and ease of use. Like proxies, VPNs hide origin IP addresses by routing the network traffic through a remote server.
VPNs can also be used as proxies if they support HTTP or SOCKS proxies. See how to use vpns as proxies for more.
Let's look at the pros and cons of hiding your IP address using a VPN.
Tor (The Onion Router) is a free and open-source software that allows for anonymous network communication. The Tor browser hides your IP address by encrypting all the network traffic in multiple layers through a series of routers called nodes, which run over volunteer-operated servers. After the data is encrypted through these layers, the data gets decrypted again through another set of node routers. Finally, the data reaches the regular network through a final node called the exit node. Making the network transmission secure and encrypted.
Tor can also be used as a proxy by routing all the requests to the Tor port. Here's an example in Python:
import requests
proxies = {
# presumable tor service is running on localhost (127.0.0.1)
# the Tor default port is 9051
'http':'socks5://127.0.0.1:9051',
'https':'socks5:/127.0.0.1:9051'
}
url = "https://httpbin.dev/ip"
res = requests.get(url, proxies=proxies)
Another advanced usage of Tor is routing all the network traffic to Tor using Onionfruit on Windows or Tails Linux distribution.
Let's take a look at the pros and cons of masking your IP address using Tor.
Depending on the internet service provider, IP addresses assigned to mobile phones can be dynamic. This means that the IP address itself can change whenever you reconnect to the network or after a certain amount of time.
Mobile IPs also have a low-risk score with network firewalls, minimizing the chance of getting detected as a bot. So, you can mask your IP address by connecting devices with your mobile network through hotspot or USB tethering.
Let's look at the pros and cons of masking your IP address by connecting to mobile networks.
From the above, proxies are the best option for hiding your IP address due to their performance, reliability and customization capabilities. However, the best option depends on your use case, available budget and the target website. Both ToR and commercial VPNs can be cheap entry-point option for web scraping.
That being said, proxies can be made even better with extra smart layers that are built on top of them. Let's take a look at how ScrapFly can help you hide your IP address 👇
At ScrapFly, we recognize the challenges of hiding IP addresses. This is why we simplified the process while also making it highly resilient.
ScrapFly provides web scraping, screenshot, and extraction APIs for data collection at scale. Each product is equipped with an automatic bypass for any anti-bot system and we achieve this by:
To hide your IP address using ScrapFly proxies, you will only have to send a simple API call to the target website:
from scrapfly import ScrapflyClient, ScrapeConfig, ScrapeApiResponse
scrapfly = ScrapflyClient(key="Your ScrapFly API key")
result: ScrapeApiResponse = scrapfly.scrape(ScrapeConfig(
url="https://httpbin.dev/ip",
# choose a proxy from the residential pool
proxy_pool="public_residential_pool",
# select a the proxy country
country="us",
# enable the ASP to bypass any website's blocking
asp=True,
# enable JS rendering, similar to headless browsers
render_js=True,
))
# get the page HTML content
print(result.scrape_result['content'])
To wrap up this guide on masking IP addresses, let's take a look at some frequently asked questions.
Yes, you can hide your IP address for free using free or open-source options, such using Tor or mobile networks. You can also use free VPNs or proxies. However, they often come with limitations such as slower speed, access restrictions, and potential security concerns.
Yes, it's considered legal to hide your IP address for privacy reasons. However, attention should be paid to the terms of services of the target website, as masking your IP address for violating them can have legal consequences.
The IP address is a unique set of numbers that identifies a device over the network. There are different reasons for hiding your IP address, including adding privacy layers, avoiding geolocation restrictions, IP throttling and blocking.
We explored four different alternatives to hide your IP address, how each works and the pros and cons of each. In a nutshell, these options are VPNs, Proxies, Tor and Mobile Networks. However, proxies are the best alternative to hide your IP address due to their performance, reliability and customization capabilities.
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